Dev Anand
Dharam Dev Anand (Hindi: धर्मदेव आनन्द, Punjabi: ਧਰਮਦੇਵ ਆਨੰਦ) (26 September 1923 – 04 December 2011), better known as Dev Anand (Hindi: देव आनन्द, Punjabi: ਦੇਵ ਆਨੰਦ), was anIndian Hindi Cinema actor, director and film producer. Dev was the second of three brothers who were active in Hindi Cinema. His brothers were Chetan Anand and Vijay Anand. Their sister, Sheel Kanta Kapur, is the mother of renowned Hindi and English film director Shekhar Kapur. The Government of India honoured him with the Padma Bhushan in 2001 and the Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 2002 for his contributions towards Indian cinema.
Dev was born Dharam Dev Anand on (26 September 1923- December 4,2011) in Shakargarh Tehsil of Gurdaspur district (now in Narowal District, Pakistan) in undivided Punjab, British Indiato well-to-do advocate Kishorimal Anand. Dev was the second of three brothers born to Kishorimal Anand. Dev’s younger sister is Sheela Kanta Kapur, who is mother of Shekhar Kapur. His older brother was Chetan Anand and younger one was Vijay Anand. Dev graduated in English literature from the Government College, Lahore, (now in Pakistan). It has been confirmed that Dev Anand has died due to a cardiac arrest in London on the 4th of December 2011 He was every Green Super Star Hero in Indian cinema.
Dev Anand, after graduating in English Literature from the Government College, Lahore, British India left his hometown and came to Bombay in the early 1940s. He began his career in the military censor office at Churchgate, Bombay, for a salary of 200. He joined his older brother Chetan as a member of the Indian People’s Theatre Association (IPTA).
He was soon offered a debut as an actor by Prabhat Talkies to star in their film Hum Ek Hain(1946). While shooting for the film in Pune, Dev struck a friendship with another fellow legendary actor Guru Dutt. They had decided between themselves that if one of the two becomes successful first in film industry then they would help the other to be successful. It was a mutual understanding between them that when Dev Anand produced a film, Guru Dutt would direct it and when Guru Dutt directed a film, Dev Anand would act in it.
In the late forties Dev Anand got a few offers to star opposite singer-actress Suraiya in woman oriented films, as the male lead. Dev Anand considered himself to be lucky to get a chance to star opposite such an established actress and accepted the offers. While shooting these films, he became romantically involved with Suraiya. The two of them were paired in seven films together - Vidya (1948), Jeet (1949), Shair(1949), Afsar (1950), Nili (1950), Do Sitare (1951) and Sanam (1951), which were all successful at the box office. In these films Suraiya was always first billed in credits to imply she was a bigger star than Dev Anand. She fell in love with him during the shooting of the song Kinare kinare chale jayen ge from the film Vidya, where unfortunately during shooting, a boat capsized and Dev Anand saved Suraiya from drowning. The entire affair was conducted in a clandestine manner with friends like Durga Khote and Kamini Kaushal going out of their way to engineer secret rendezvous. On the sets of the film Jeet, Dev Anand finally proposed to Suraiya and gave her a diamond ring worth Rs 3,000. Her maternal grandmother opposed the relationship as they were Muslim and Dev Anand Hindu, and so, Suraiya remained unmarried all her life. They stopped acting together after her grandmother opposed and Do Sitare was the last film of the pair to release. Although Dev had tasted success in the films he starred in with Suraiya, the producers and directors attributed the success of these films to the acting prowess and screen presence of Suraiya. Dev was looking for opportunity to play the main male lead in a film where his acting skills could be displayed as people were skeptic about Dev’s acting abilities.
Dev was offered his first big break by Ashok Kumar. He spotted Dev hanging around in the studios and picked him as the hero for theBombay Talkies production, Ziddi, costarring Kamini Kaushal (1948) which became an instant success. After Ziddi’s success Dev had decided that he would start producing films. So in 1949, Dev turned producer and launched his own company Navketan (which mean newness), which till 2011 has produced 31 films and continues to produce movies even today.
Dev chose Guru Dutt as director for the crime thriller, Baazi (1951). The film starring Dev Anand, Geeta Bali and Kalpana Kartik was a trendsetter regarded as the forerunner of the spate of urban crime films that followed in Bollywood in the 1950s. The film Baazi saw debut ofKalpana Kartik aka Mona Singh as the lead female actress and Guru Dutt as a director. The collaboration was a success at the box office and the pair Dev Anand – Kalpana Kartik were offered many films to star in together. They signed all the film offers and subsequently the movies Aandhiyan, 1954 Film, House No. 44 and Nau Do Gyarah went on to become big hits too. During the making of film Taxi Driver, the couple fell in love and Dev proposed marriage to his heroine Kalpana. In 1954, Taxi Driver was declared a hit and the two decided to marry in a quiet ceremony. The couple had a son, Suneil Anand in 1956. After her marriage Kalpana decided not to pursue her acting career further.
A rapid-fire style of dialogue delivery and a penchant for nodding while speaking became Dev’s style in films like House No. 44, Pocket Maar,Munimji, Funtoosh, C.I.D. and Paying Guest. In the fifties his films were based on mystery genre or light comedy love stories or were films with social relevance like Ek ke baad ek and Funtoosh. His style was lapped up by the audience and was widely imitated. He starred in a string of box office successes for the remainder of the 1950s opposite newcomer Waheeda Rehman in C.I.D. (1956), Solva Saal, Kala Pani,Kala Bazar and Baat Ek Raat Ki. Waheeda first became a star with C.I.D becoming a hit. In 1955 he also co-starred with Dilip Kumar inInsaniyat. With his acting in Kala Pani (1958), as the son who is willing to go to any lengths to clear his framed father’s name, he won his first Filmfare award for Best Actor for the film. He attempted films of tragic genre occasionally like Pocketmaar (1956), Kala Pani (1958),Bombai Ka Babu (1960) and Sharabi (1964) and tasted success in them. Dev also played a few characters with a negative shade, like inJaal(1952). Apart from his pair with Suraiya and Kalpana Kartik, his pair with Nutan and Waheeda Rehman was popular among the audiences in late 50’s and 60’s. His films Rahee and Aandhiyaan, were screened along with Raj Kapoor’s Awaara. From the early fifties till mid sixties, the trio of Dilip Kumar, Raj Kapoor and Dev Anand ruled the roost.
In the sixties, Dev Anand acquired romantic image with films like Manzil and Tere Ghar Ke Samne with Nutan, Kinaare Kinaare with Meena Kumari, Maya with Mala Sinha, Asli-Naqli with Sadhana Shivdasani, Jab Pyar Kisise Hota Hai and Mahal with Asha Parekh and Teen Deviyaan opposite three heroines Kalpana, Simi Garewal and Nanda. In the film Teen Deviyaan, Dev Anand played a playboy.Raj Kapoorthough younger than Dev nand, started gaining weight and this affected his career and even Dilip Kumar’s films started flopping in the late sixties. But Dev Anand,being slim and fit, continued to look much younger even in the late sixties and seventies. He gave many popular films till 1990 as the leading man.
His first colour film, Guide with Waheeda Rehman was based on the novel of the same name by R. K. Narayan. Dev Anand himself was the impetus for making the film version of the book. He met and persuaded Narayan to give his assent to the project. Dev Anand tapped his friends in Hollywood to launch an Indo-US co-production that was shot in Hindi and English simultaneously and was released in 1965. Guide, directed by younger brother Vijay Anand, was an acclaimed movie. Dev played Raju, a voluble guide, who supports Rosy (Waheeda) in her bid for freedom. He is not above thoughtlessly exploiting her for personal gains. Combining style with substance, he gave an affecting performance as a man grappling with his emotions in his passage through love, shame and salvation.
He reunited with Vijay Anand for the movie Jewel Thief, based on thriller genre which featured Vaijayantimala, Tanuja, Anju Mahendru, Faryaland Helen. Their next collaboration, Johny Mera Naam (1970), again a thriller, where Dev was paired opposite Hema Malini was a big hit. It was Johnny Mera Naam which made Hema Malini a big star.
His directorial debut, the espionage drama Prem Pujaari, was a flop but has developed a cult following over the years. He tasted success with his 1971 directorial effort, Hare Rama Hare Krishna which talked about the prevalent hippie culture. His find Zeenat Aman, who played the mini-skirt sporting, pot-smoking Janice, became an overnight sensation. Dev also became known as a filmmaker of trenchantly topical themes. This same year, he starred with Mumtaz in Tere Mere Sapne, an adaptation of A. J. Cronin’s novel, The Citadel. The film was directed by Dev’s brother, Vijay and was also successful.
In the 1970s, Raj Kapoor started playing roles of father in films like Kal Aaj Aur Kal in 1971 and Dharam Karam in 1974 and films with Dilip Kumar as lead hero were failures at box office. Some of the hurriedly made films with Dev Anand as the leading man – three each opposite Hema Malini and Zeenat Aman and Yeh Gulistaan Hamara with Sharmila Tagore became flops and posed a threat to his career as leading man. But he delivered hits again and romanced young heroines Yogita Bali and Rakhee in Banarasi Babu (1973), Hema Malini in Chhupa Rustam(1973) and Amir Ghareeb(1974), Zeenat Aman in Heera Panna(1973), Warrant(1975) and Darling Darling(1977). In 1976, his brother directed a mystery flick named Bullet which though critically acclaimed was not successful at box office.
The presence of his ‘discoveries’ in the 70’s— the Zeenat and later, the Tina Munim in films and his good chemistry with beautiful young stars like Rakhee, Parveen Babi, Hema Malini, Zeenat Aman in various films boosted Dev’s image as the evergreen star even though he was well into his fifties.
Dev Anand has also been politically active. He led a group of film personalities who stood up against the Internal Emergency imposed by the then Prime Minister of India, Indira Gandhi. He actively campaigned against her with his supporters in Indian parliamentary elections in 1977. He also formed a party called the National Party of India, which he later disbanded.
The 1978 hit Des Pardes, directed by Dev Anand was the debut was actress Tina Munim and this film’s success gave him the tag of evergreen hero. He was 55 but he shared very good chemistry with the 20 year old Tina Munim. Dev Anand was offered lead role in Man Pasand by director Basu Chatterjee. Dev Anand’s successful run at the box office continued in the 1980s with Man Pasand, Lootmaar(both opposite Tina Munim), Swami Dada(1982) being both critically acclaimed and box office hits.
Though Dev Anand’s demand as the lead hero had not decreased even in the 1980s, he decided that it was the right time to introduce his son Suneil Anand in films as the hero. He launched his son in the Kramer vs. Kramer inspired Anand Aur Anand (1984), which was produced and directed by Dev Anand himself and had music by R.D.Burman. He expected the film to do well but the film was a box office disaster andSuneil Anand decided to not act in films any more.
But the of films with Dev Anand as the lead hero Hum Naujawan (1985), Lashkar (1989) and Awwal Number(1990), where Dev Anand costarred with Aamir Khan were average grossers and appreciated by critics. He was already sixty year old in 1983 when he acted withPadmini Kolhapuri in Swami Dada but did not look old. In 1989, his directorial venture the critically acclaimed Sachché Ka Bolbala was released but it was a commercial failure.
Since the 1990s except for Awwal Number, rest of the eight films directed by him were box office failures. But Sau Crore (1991) and Censor(2000) were critically acclaimed.
Dev Anand has directed 19 films and produced 31 films of which 7 directorial ventures and 18 films respectively were commercially successful at the box office. He wrote the story for 13 of his films. Critics say his directorial ventures have always been ahead of its time. Dev Anand’s films are well known for their hit songs. He is known to have been an active participant in the music sessions of a number of his films. His association with music composers Shankar-Jaikishen, O. P. Nayyar, Kalyanji-Anandji, Sachin Dev Burman and his son Rahul Dev Burman, lyricists Hasrat Jaipuri, Majrooh Sultanpuri, Neeraj, Shailendra, Anand Bakshi, and playback singers Mohammad Rafi and Kishore Kumar produced some very popular songs. S.D Burman, R.D Burman, Rafi and Kishore Kumar were his special friends.
In September 2007, Dev’s own autobiography “Romancing with Life” was released at a birthday party with the Indian Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh. ]In February 2011, his 1961 black and white film Hum Dono was digitised and colourised and released.
Dev Anand is credited with giving actors like Jackie Shroff in Swami Dada, Tabu in Hum Naujawan and Richa Sharma a break into the film industry and encouraging music composer Rajesh Roshan. Amit Khanna started his career with Navketan as executive producer in 1971 and had been secretary to Dev Anand in 70′s. He adds, “The uniqueness of Navketan today is that it’s the only film company in the world still run by the one who started it.”
Ahbi na jao chodkar, Dev saab…so says celebrities as they pay their tribute to Dev Anand
Dev Anand was 88 when he succumbed to a massive cardiac arrest in a London hospital. Ever since the news of his demise broke out, the refrain across his fans and well-wishers was a line from his song from “Hun Dono”, “Abhi na jao chodkar ke dil abhi bhara nahin”.
On his micro blogging site, Anupam Kherwrote: “Dev Saab was Kind, -Passionate, Courageous, Forthright, Charming, Encouraging, Contemporary, Always a leader and a Great Human. Will Miss him. So as a Tribute to Dev Saab let’s only humm his Songs today. Songs which became such an integral part of our lives. Ahbi na jao chodkar….” When Amitabh Bachchan first tweeted about Dev saab, he was still praying that the news wasn’t true. “Just reading news about Dev Saheb .. praying it is not true ! He was such a positive person .. never associated death with him… Had just met Dev Saheb at his premiere recently .. he was weak but full of spirit ..the news papers confirming his passing away ..sad. An era has come to an end .. Dev Anand leaves a void never perhaps to be filled again .. his never give up belief, his joy of life!”
Shabana Azmi, who also reminisced about director Manish Acharya who passed a year ago, wrote: “Dev Saheb robustly lived life on his own terms.he will be missed by millions but will live on thru his movies.I salute his spirit.”
Mahesh Bhatt saluted the memory of the star “left us with the glow of his smile”. “As the new dawn breaks over Mumbai I salute the memory of this star who has left left us with the glow of his smile,” he wrote.
It took a while for the news to sink in for Madhur Bhandarkar even as he wrote: “Shocked to the core, a painful loss, a personal grief, cant believe DEVSAAB is no more ! Still the news is not sinking in,had celebrated his birthday with him,Devsaab was full of energy and life then,just cant believe !”
Director Kunal Kohli, on his part, wrote: “RIP Dev Anand. His spirit, energy, love for life and cinema will live on through his films. Love you Dev Saab.”
Abhishek Bachchan was equally shocked. Wrote the actor, “Never believed I would ever wake up to this news. Very sad! Shocked to read of the passing of Dev Saab. Such a great man and actor. A symbol of positivity.” Actor Divya Dutta has vivid memories of her last meeting of the legend at the premiere of his movie. “T last I met devsaab was at his premiere,sitting nxt to him, n seeing his smiling face,full of zest energy n ethusiasm..memories! Main zindagi ka sath nibhata chala gayam..RIP devsaab! Knowing u wrkin wt u is cherished!my evergreen hero!will miss u sir!” she wrote.
Shah Rukh Khan said in his tweet, “Dev sahib’s sad demise makes me feel that the film industry is incomplete & has lost its magical energy. May Allah bless his soul.”
Arjun Rampal tweeted, “Woke up to the saddest news and an emptiness in the heart, Dev Saab the man who lived every moment to the fullest with greatest energy. RIP.”
Actor Neil Nitin Mukesh said: “Just got the sad news that Dev Anand sahab passed away. I’ve always been a huge fan of his. And grown up watching his dynamic films. RIP.” India’s music fraternity was equally shocked with the news. The legend who left behind countless film hits will be dearly missed, said Shreya Ghosal. “Dev saab’s films being talked abt on d news. What legacy of great films n music! He indeed was a man of excellence and passion for cinema,” the singer wrote.
Composer Ehsaan Noorani, on his part, said, “Another jewel begins his skyward journey …… Dev Saab alvidaa.” Sophie Choudry, on her part, wrote: “Can’t believe Dev saab is no more? A real institution,dreamer,believer & the grtest romantic because he LOVED life. A truly sad say. RIP sir.”
Poonam Pandey too paid her respect to the evergreen star by writing: “Life is like a poker game; it’s not what you’re given, it’s how you use it.- The Gr8 Gambler – “RIP Dev Anand”"